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Layer: NSW Dairy Manure (SA4) (ID: 4)

Name: NSW Dairy Manure (SA4)

Display Field: REGION_NAME

Type: Feature Layer

Geometry Type: esriGeometryPolygon

Description: This dataset estimates the location and mass in dry tonnes at 0% moisture content (MC) and in wet tonnes at 85% MC of intensive dairy manure residues across NSW, Australia. This information was originally collated for the Australian Biomass for Bioenergy Assessment (ABBA) project and has been updated several times. It is available for use in the NSW BioSMART tool (Biomass Spatial and Modular Assessment of Resources Tool – https://www.dpi.nsw.gov.au/forestry/science/forest-carbon/biomass-for-bioenergy/nsw-biosmart) and on the Terria Map (https://app.terria.io/terria/catalog/map) platform. The boundary features were extracted from the Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS) Australian Statistical Geography Standard (ASGS 2016) digital boundaries [Copyright Commonwealth of Australia administered by the ABS]. This dataset is mapped at the Statistical Area Level 4 (SA4). Each SA4 region shows the annual average, minimum and maximum tonnes of intensive dairy manure residues for the period July 2011 to June 2021 (average of 10 years). The SA4 residues were calculated using data from the ABS ASGS Agricultural Commodities, Australia, cat. no. 7121.0 data cubes and from research carried out by the NSW Forest Science unit, Department of Primary Industries and Regional Development – Forestry. The residues were calculated for each ABS class of dairy cattle as follows: Cows in milk and dry, Calves, Heifers 1 to 2 years, Heifers over 2 years and All other (bulls, steers). From the literature, assumptions were made and averages were calculated, such as daily milk production = 15.5kg/day; average live weight and dry matter intake (DMI) were calculated for each ABS dairy cattle class and time spent in holding yards and feed pads where an acceptable minimum was determined to be 3/24hrs, a maximum of 10/24hrs and an average of 6/24hrs. Daily milk production was used as a factor in calculating the manure for Cows in milk and dry. DMI was used as a factor for calculating manure in all other classes. When all calculations were complete, the class totals were added together to give combined manure residue totals for each SA4 region. The following were calculated for each SA4 region: Total Solids (TS), Volatile Solids (VS) and Wet Weight (WW), giving the average (6/24hrs) of TS, VS and WW over the 10 year period and also providing a minimum (3/24hrs) and maximum (10/24hrs) for TS and VS. Total Solids has been chosen as the TOTAL_RESIDUES mapping unit to display because TS represents all dry matter and covers more end-use options. TS can be used as a solid fuel (combustion/cofiring/boilers), for syngas (gasification) and for bio-oil/biochar/syngas (pyrolysis) while VS is mainly only used in anaerobic digestion (biogas/biomethane). Presenting the data spatially by TS fits with the existing BioSMART tool modules and those being developed. For more information on the derivation of the residue volumes please contact the NSW Forest Science unit (https://www.dpi.nsw.gov.au/forestry/science/forest-carbon/abba) and look at: Dairy Dairy Australia (2008) ‘Effluent and Manure Management Database for the Australian Dairy Industry’, Dairy Australia. https://dair-p-001.sitecorecontenthub.cloud/api/public/content/56ac610dd4424f499ec3dd9225341ca2?v=a679254d Nennich T et al. (2005) ‘Prediction of Manure and Nutrient Excretion from Dairy Cattle’, J. Dairy Sci., 88:3721–3733. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/7599564_Prediction_of_Manure_and_Nutrient_Excretion_from_Dairy_Cattle Ryan D et al. (1997) ‘Realistic Rations’, Dairy Research & Development Corporation and NSW Agriculture. https://www.vgls.vic.gov.au/client/en_AU/vgls/search/detailnonmodal/ent:$002f$002fSD_ILS$002f0$002fSD_ILS:134889/ada?qu=Dairy+Australia.&d=ent%3A%2F%2FSD_ILS%2F0%2FSD_ILS%3A134889%7EILS%7E260&ic=true&ps=300&h=8 Beggs D & Jagoe S (2013) ‘A guide to growing more productive heifers’, Dairy Australia. https://www.dpi.nsw.gov.au/__data/assets/pdf_file/0005/1596227/Heifers-on-Target-Guide.pdf Dairy Australia (2024) ‘Dairy Feedpads and Contained Housing – National Guidelines – Third Edition’, Dairy Australia. https://dair-p-001.sitecorecontenthub.cloud/api/public/content/1e7bb618b11a46aaad07979024090ccc?v=aeac1518 Tabular data: ABS ‘Agricultural Commodities, Australia’, Australian Bureau of Statistics. Australian Statistical Geography Standard (ASGS) editions by Financial Year (FY) for 10 years from 2011-12FY to 2020-21FY, where census years 2015-16 and 2020-21 provide data at the finer scale of Statistical Area Level 2 (SA2) and all other years provide the data at the larger scale of SA4 level. https://www.abs.gov.au/statistics/industry/agriculture/agricultural-commodities-australia Last updated in March 2026.

Copyright Text: NSW Forest Science, Department of Primary Industries and Regional Development – Forestry

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